Friday, 7 March 2014

Taper Testing Machine

Application:
for the Determination of the angle and form errors on outside and inside tapers and parts with angular surface and from tests of cylindrical parts.
Design Features:
On the rigid base which factures hardened and precision lapped guide - ways the generously dimension measuring carriage is mounted on dust-proof high precision ball bearing. The wide sine table, provide with T - slots, supports an inclinable mounting table for the accommodation of the various fixtures required for the different taper checks. The sine table can easily be lifted by a convenient releasing lever which in turn facilitates the mounting of the parallel gauge blocks. The measuring head is height adjustable on the extra rigid column by means of a spindle. A swivel support arm is mounted on the sliding head and supports the lever type inductive gauging head to be used in conjunction with either the electronic comparator or the electric recorder. These instruments permit readings and evaluation of the measuring results with maximum accuracy.

Operation Principle:
This Parts are checked at,
          (1) Is mounted on the inclinable mounting table.
          (2) The fixture is obliquely adjustable in reference to the axis of the part under test, thus permitting the perfect alignment of the part. At first at horizontal sine table.
          (3) The upper crest line.
          (4) Of the taper is aligned parallel to the guide-ways of the measuring carriage.
          (5) By inclining the mounting table. parallelism of this crest line is checked by moving the measuring carriage back and forth while simultaneously gauging the crest line. If required, adjustments can be made by means of the adjustment screw.
          (6) until the inductive gauging head
          (7) does not cause a deflection on the indicating instrument. The sine table is then swivelled around the entire taper angle by inserting a gauge block
          (8) which corresponds to the ideal angle α. At this point the taper crest line
          (9) is parallel to the guide ways, provided the taper to be checked corresponds to the ideal value. This parallel alignment is checked by gauging the lower crest line. All taper angle and form errors are read on the indicator.
           By means of the said alignment procedure, all possible influences of mounting inaccuracies are eliminated. Therefore, the mounting surface of the part under test does not require precision machining nor does it require accurate centring in reference to the taper.

Features of taper testing machine:
Max. taper angle
30º
Max. taper length
275mm
Range of taper gauges obtained with appropriate accessories
Morse taper up to
Steep taper up to
Metric taper up to
MK6
Size 60
Size B 140 / C 140
Guiding accuracy of measuring carriage
0.5µm over 100 mm
1µm over 400 mm
Repeatability of measuring result
0.5µm
Measuring inconsistency
=1µm
Hard granite base plate
1000 x 630 x 150mm
Measuring table   mounting surface
                        Distance of sine rollers
110 x 650mm
300mm
Travel of measuring carriage
400mm
Height adjustment of measuring head
375mm
Speeds of measuring carriage
20/5/2mm/s
Speeds of measuring head
10/5/1mm/s
Power supply
220 V, 50-60 Hz, 50W
Air supply
5bar, 1 m3/h
  Taper Testing Machine:
For reference free determination of angle and form errors on outside and inside tapers and parts with angular surface and form test on cylindrical parts.
The taper testing machine consists principle of the following units:
Measuring Carriage:
With wide surfaces and air cushion bearing for exact movement on the base plate and along the high guide edge of the measuring table. With motor-driven, vertically adjustable measuring head on sturdy column Air filter and air regulating valve provide air for the air cushion bearings.
Hard granite Base Plate:
For accurate guiding of the measuring carriage upon an air cushion and for mounting the measuring table. Made of fine grain black granite of great hardness and stability.
Measuring Table:
Consisting of lever operated sine table and inclinable mounting table with T-slot for fixing mounting devices for components to be tested. Self-locking safety device prevents damage of setting gauge block and mounting surface of gauge block at inadvertent slipping of sine table. With integrated switch board for controlling all movement of measuring carriage and measuring head as well as for the selection of testing speeds by push buttons.
 Electronic measuring and recording Equipment:

Consisting of inductive gauging system for contacting both crest lines without turning the stylus, electronic indicating instrument for reading the measuring result and also electrical recorder for evaluation of taper angle errors and taper forum errors.  

Relation to SI Unit

NAME
SYMBOL
RELATION TO SI
length, l
metre (SI unit)
m

centimetre (cgs unit)
cm
= 10-2m
angstrom
Å
=10-10m
Micron
µ
=µm = 10-6m
Mill micron
=nm = 10-9m
x unit
X
≈1.002X 10-13m
Fermi
f, fm
=fm = 10-15m
Inch
In
= 2.54 x 10-2m
Foot
Ft
=12in = 0.3048m
Yard
Yd
=3ft = 0.9144m
Mile
Mi
=1760yd = 1609.344m
Nautical mile

=1852m
Astronomical unit
AU
=1.49600 x 1011m
Parsec
pc
≈3.08568 x 1016m
Light year
l.y.
≈9.460528 x 1015m
Light second

= 299792458m
area, (A)
Square meter
m^2

Barn
b
=10-28m2
acre
a
≈4046.856m2
hectare
ha
=104 m2
volume(V)
cubic metre
m3

litre
l, L
=dm3 = 10-3 m3
lambda
λ
= µl = 10-6dm3
barrel(US)

≈158.987dm3
gallon(US)
gal(US)
= 3.78541dm3
gallon(UK)
Gal(UK)
=4.54609 dm3
Mass, (m)
Kilogram
Kg

Gram (cgs unit)
g
=10-3kg
electron mass (au)
me
≈9.10939 x 10-31kg
unified atomic mass unit, Daltons
u, Da
=ma(12C)/12 ≈1.660540x10-27kg
gamma
γ
=µg
tonne
t
=Mg =103kg
pound (avoirdupois)
lb
=0.45359237kg
ounce (avoirdupois)
oz
≈28.3495g
ounce(troy)
oz(trou)
≈31.1035g
grain
gr
=64.79891mg
time, (t)
second (SI, cgs unit)
s

au of time
h/Eh
≈2.41888x10-17s
minute
min
=60s
hour
h
=3600s
day
d
=86400s
year
a
≈31556952s
Svedberg
Sv
=10-13s
acceleration, (a)
SI unit
ms-2

standard acceleration of free fall
gn
=9.80665ms-2
gal, Galileo
Gal
=10-2ms-2
force, (F)
Newton (SI unit)
N
=kg m s-2
dyne (cgs unit)
dyn
=g cm s-2 = 10-5N
au of force
Eh/a0
≈8.23873 x 10-8N
kilogram - force
kgf
=9.80665 N
energy, (U)
joule (SI unit)
J
=kg m2 s-2
erg (cgs unit)
erg
= g cm2 s-2 = 10-7J
rydberg
Ry
=Eh/2 ≈ 2.17987 x 10-18 J
electron volt
eV
=e x V ≈ 1.60218 x 10-19J
calorie, thermo chemical
calth
= 4.184J
calorie, international
calIT
=4.1868 J
15ºC calorie
cal15
≈ 4.1855 J
litre atmosphere
1atm
= 101.325 J
British thermal unit
Btu
=1055.06 J
pressure, (p)
Pascal (SI unit)
Pa
= Nm-2 = kg m-1 s-2
atmosphere
atm
= 101325 Pa
bar
bar
=105 Pa
torr
Torr
=(101325/760) Pa
≈ 133.322Pa
millimetre of mercury (conventional)
mmHg
=13.5951 x 980.665 x 10-2 Pa ≈ 133.322 Pa
pounds per square inch
psi
≈ 6.894757 x 103 Pa
power(P)
watt (SI unit)
W
= kg m2 s-3
horse power
hp
= 745.7 W
action, L, J (angular momentum)
SI unit
J S
= kg m2 s-1
cgs unit
erg s
= 10-7 J s
au of action
h = h / 2π
≈1.05457 x 10-34 J s
dynamic viscosity, (η)
SI unit
Pa s
= kg m-1 s-1
poise
P
= 10-1 Pa s
centipoises
cP
= mPa s
kinematic viscosity, (v)
SI unit
m2 s-1

stokes
St
= 10-4 m2 s-1
thermodynamic temperature, (T )
Kelvin (SI unit)
K

degree Rankin
ºR
= (5/9) K
entropy, (S)   heat capacity, (C)
SI unit
J K-1

clausius
Cl
=calth/K = 4.184 J K-1
molar entropy,  (Sm)
molar heat capacity, (Cm)
SI unit
J K-1 mol-1

entropy unit
e.u
=calth K-1 mol-1
= 4.184 J K-1 mol-1
molar volume (Vm)
SI unit
m3 mol-1

amagat
amagat
=Vm of real gas at 1 atm and 273.15 K
≈22.4 x 10-3  m3 mol-1
plane angle, (α)
radian (SI unit)
rad

degree
º
= rad x 2π/360 ≈(1/57.29578)rad
minute
'
= degree/60
second
"
= degree/3600
grade
grad
=rad x 2π/400 ≈(1/63.66198)rad
radioactivity, (A)
Becquerel (SI unit)
Bq
=s-1
curie
Ci
=3.7 x 1010 Bq
absorbed dose of radiation
gray (SI unit)
Gy
= J kg-1
rad
rad
=0.01 Gy
dose equivalent
sievert (SI unit)
Sv
= J kg-1
rem
rem
≈0.01 Sv
electric current (I)
ampere (SI unit)
A

esu, Gau
(10/ ζ)A
≈3.33564 x 10-10A
biot (emu)
Bi
=10 A
electric charge (Q)
coulomb (SI unit)
C
= A s
franklin (esu, Gau)
Fr
= (10/ ζ)C ≈3.33564 x 10-10C
emu (abcoulomb)

= 10C
proton charge (au)
e
≈1.60218 x 10-19 C
 ≈4.80321 x 10-10Fr
charge density, (ρ)
SI unit
C m-3

esu, Gau
Fr cm-3
= 107 ζ1 C m-3
≈3.33564 x 10-4 C m-3
electrical potenial,(V), (φ )
volt (SI unit)
V
= J C-1 = J A-1 s-1
esu, Gau
erg Fr-1
Fr cm-1/4πε0 =299.792458 V
mean international volt

=1.00034V
US international volt

= 1.000330 V